Vinnie's genealogy: 3 sets of parents

What was so frustrating last week when I went to new Family Search for my first time, was that I found that my grandma Vinnie had all the wrong parents!

Not only has she and her siblings been sealed to her parents Susan McCleve and George Franklin Gardner, but all those Gardner children have also been sealed to their aunt Maggie McCleve and her husband Darien Kartchner.

(This, of course, results in all their Kartchner cousins being listed as their siblings instead of their cousins.)

(And, very unfortunately, it makes my pedigree go on the Kartchner line instead of on the McCleve line, which is totally bogus.)

To add insult to injury, they have also been sealed to another set of parents, George (their real dad) and their aunt Maggie!

So I will live in frustration for awhile until some new features get added to new Family Search.  Randolyn told me next year we will be able to add comments, and you can be sure I will add some comments when that capability opens up.

Vinnie's story: Twin mothers

These are my grandparents, Hap and Vinnie Stewart.

Here is Vinnie's family when she was a girl.  Her mother, Susan McCleve Gardner, her father George Franklin Gardner.  Vinnie is on the left, little brother Harald in the middle, sister Georgia on the right.

Susan had an identical twin sister, Margaret McCleve Kartchner, who lived just down the street, so the sisters were often together.

I remember my Grandma Vinnie telling this story of one of her earliest memories.

Vinnie remembered being a very small girl, and when she was hurt she ran crying and buried her face in what she thought was her mother's long skirt.   She remembered being so surprised when her aunt Maggie said, "Bless your heart, child, I'm not your mother!"

Where do I find all this stuff about food shortages?

Well, I have a lot of websites I read.  And I see these stories more and more and more.  

YouTube video, Feb. 8, 2011

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6oL77tUCn8

Benson "Prepare Yourself for the Great Day of the Lord"

http://lds.org/new-era/1982/05/prepare-yourself-for-the-great-day-of-the-lord?lang=eng

BY PRESIDENT EZRA TAFT BENSON

President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles

 "Prepare Yourself for the Great Day of the Lord", New Era, May 1982, 44

Youth of Zion, do you realize you are living in the days of the fulfillment of these signs and wonders? You are among those who will see many of these prophecies fulfilled. Just as certain as was the destruction of the temple at Jerusalem and the scattering of the Jews, so shall these words of the Savior be certain to your generation.

We know not the day nor the hour of His coming, but of this you may feel assured: You stand close to the great day of the Lord! In His words of modern revelation, we say to you, “Seek the face of the Lord, always” (D&C 101:38).

You will live in the midst of economic, political and spiritual instability. When you see these signs—unmistakable evidences that His coming is nigh—be not troubled, but, “stand … in holy places, and be not moved, until the day of the Lord come” (D&C 87:8). Holy men stand in holy places and these holy places include our temples, our chapels, our homes, and the stakes of Zion, which are, as the Lord declares, “for a defense, and for a refuge from the storm, and from wrath when it shall be poured out without mixture upon the whole earth” (D&C 115:6).

Heed the Lord’s counsel to the Saints of this dispensation: “Prepare yourselves for the great day of the Lord” (D&C 133:10).

This preparation must consist of more than just casual membership in the Church. You must learn to be guided by personal revelation and the counsel of the living prophet so you will not be deceived. Our Lord has indicated who, among Church members, will stand when He appears:

“And at that day, when I shall come in my glory, shall the parable be fulfilled which I spake concerning the ten virgins.

“For they that are wise and have received the truth, and have taken the Holy Spirit for their guide, and have not been deceived—verily I say unto you, they shall not be hewn down and cast into the fire, but shall abide the day.

“And the earth shall be given unto them for an inheritance; and they shall multiply and wax strong, and their children shall grow up without sin unto salvation.

“For the Lord shall be in their midst, and his glory shall be upon them, and he will be their king and their lawgiver.” (D&C 45:56–59; italics added.)

President Wilford Woodruff further prophesied in 1894:

“Can you tell me where the people are who will be shielded and protected from these great calamities and judgments which are even now at our door? I’ll tell you. The priesthood of God who honor their priesthood and who are worthy of their blessings are the only ones who shall have this safety and protection. They are the only mortal beings. No other people have a right to be shielded from these judgments. They are at our doors; not even this people will escape them entirely.” (Wilford Woodruff, Young Women’s Journal, 5:512, June 1894.)

If you are to preserve your blessings, it is not enough for you to just be free and independent, to capitalize on your advantages so that they accrue to your well-being and prosperity. You must protect and safeguard the freedom you have. You must be wise and virtuous. You must govern your natures by the doctrines of His kingdom. You must be valiant in your testimony of Christ, by keeping all His commandments.

Will you be among those who are faithful to the end? Will you endure? Are you prepared? Can you live in the world and not partake of the sins of the world? Will you “arise and shine forth” as the Lord has commanded? Will you be a light and “standard for the nations”? We know you can. We pray you will. We have every confidence that you, “the rising generation,” will not falter. I repeat: You were valiant spirits reserved for this exceptional time. Make the choice. Rise to the task of this momentous hour!

As a special witness of our Lord, I humbly declare to you that He lives, that He is close to His servants.His word “shall not pass away, but shall all be fulfilled, whether by his own voice or by the voice of his servants, it is the same."(D&C 1:38.)

 

"In the Presence of Angels"-Jan. 2011 New Era

I loved this article about missionaries being protected in the Ivory Coast.  There were riots and violence in the country in 2004.

http://lds.org/new-era/2011/01/in-the-presence-of-angels?lang=eng

"In 2003 I was called to serve a mission in the Ivory Coast, in western Africa. As I researched, I found that the country seemed to be involved in constant civil war, but I was comforted to learn there was a ceasefire in place. Further comfort came when I was set apart. The stake president gave me a promise that while I was serving, I would at times feel the presence of angels and they would protect me. I was also promised that if I was obedient, I would return home safely.

In the first months of my mission, the mission president counseled us to be prepared. In our apartment in the capital city of Abidjan, we kept a three-day supply of food and water, and at meetings we received training on what to do if conflict broke out."

I believe in following the counsel of our church leaders.  I have a testimony that by following their counsel, we can be safe.  This story strengthens my testimony. 

"Despite dozens of attacks on foreigners throughout the country, none of the missionaries were harmed during the riots, and no missionary apartments were broken into. Because we listened to the mission president’s counsel, we were safe at home when the riots broke out and we had supplies necessary for our survival. And even more comforting than military protection was knowing we had the Lord’s protection.

When we were being evacuated, I found out that on Sunday afternoon after our sacrament meeting, a group of protesters had been preparing to attack our apartment. One of our neighbors shouted, “They aren’t French!” but they would not leave. Finally, another neighbor cried, “They’re missionaries!” and the rioters dispersed. I again remembered the words, “My Spirit shall be in your hearts, and mine angels round about you,” and I realized that I was living the promise from my stake president’s blessing. I had seen prophecy fulfilled."

A primer for the president

"Were (the president) to ask for a primer on how to act in relation to other states...and were that primer to be written by the American people, whether of 1776 or 2010, you can be confident that it would contain the following instructions:

"You do not bow to kings.  Outside our shores, the President of the United States bows to no man.  

When in foreign lands, you do not criticize your own country.

You do not argue the case against the United States, but the case for it.

You do not apologize to the enemies of the Unites States.

Should you be confused, a country, people, or region that harbors, shelters, supports, encourages, or cheers attacks upon our country or the slaughter of our friends and families are enemies of the United States.  And, to repeat, you do not apologize to them."

Mike Pence, U. S. Representative, Indiana's 6th Congressional District, in a speech entitled "The Presidency and the Constitution", delivered on the Hillsdale College campus on September 20, 2010.
Published in Imprimis magazine, October 2010

CERT was great

I really, really enjoyed my CERT training for the past 3 days.   Today we went through a mock disaster, and had to treat victims with fake blood and injuries all over them.  I told all about it on my other blog  www.GottaWannaNeedaGettaPrepared.blogspot.com

CERT training

I am attending Citizens Emergency Response Team training for 3 days.  It has been fun and very interesting.  Here I am putting out a fire.

I'll tell you more tomorrow.

Hand me downs

Tara had the cutest dress.  Her friend borrowed it, washed it and shrank it.  I was so mad.

Here is Elizabeth wearing her new dress-up dress.

So sad.

Chocolate Chips, CERT, Ham radio, Baby Girl

Tonight, I am teaching at an evening Relief Society meeting at my ward.  I will be demonstrating how to vacuum seal M&Ms and Chocolate chips inside regular canning jars using a FoodSaver vacuum sealer and a jar sealer attachment.

And I am excited to be taking CERT training this weekend (thats Citizen Emergency Response Team).  I will let you know what I learned, it should be WAY out of my comfort zone.  I know for sure we will be learning about search and rescue and first aid, I think how to put out fires, and a bunch of other stuff.

Studying my Ham radio manual is not going so well.  Man! That is difficult stuff!  Frequency and UHF and VHF and AM and FM and transceivers and transponders and wavelength and range and repeaters and blah blah blah.  It goes right over my head.  I think an electrical engineering major would love it, though.  I think I am going to read the whole manual to see if I start understanding it, then reread it to see if any of it sticks.  I really want to become a Ham radio operator so I'm going to keep working on it.

Janette and Seth were told yesterday that they are going to have a GIRL!  I am excited.  We still have to find out about Rachel and Isaac's baby.  (Both daughters-in-laws are due in July.)

Blind Quilter

Thanks to Wayne's Aunt Carol who sent me this link.  This woman is an inspiration.

http://www.tvkim.com/watch/697/kims-picks-the-amazing-quilter?utm_medium=nl&utm_source=totd&utm_content=2011-01-21-fifl&utm_campaign=u

"Honesty" talk

Yesterday I gave a talk on "Honesty" in sacrament meeting.  I told a lot of stories about myself and how I had learned honesty during my life.  At the end, I said I want to go off topic and tell this story from church history, and then I'll get back on topic.

This story from Joseph Millett's journal is one of my very favorite stories.

“One of my children came in, said that Brother Newton Hall’s folks were out of bread. Had none that day. I put … our flour in sack to send up to Brother Hall’s. Just then Brother Hall came in. Says I, ‘Brother Hall, how are you [fixed] for flour.’ ‘Brother Millett, we have none.’ ‘Well, Brother Hall, there is some in that sack. I have divided [it] and was going to send it to you. Your children told mine that you were out.’ Brother Hall began to cry. Said he had tried others. Could not get any. Went to the cedars and prayed to the Lord and the Lord told him to go to Joseph Millett. ‘Well, Brother Hall, you needn’t bring this back if the Lord sent you for it. You don’t owe me for it.’ You can’t tell how good it made me feel to know that the Lord knew that there was such a person as Joseph Millett.” 10  ( Gifts, Thomas S. Monson, APRIL 1993  Gen. Conf.)

Then I told the congregation that I was able to  participate in an answer to prayer a couple of years ago.  I was shopping in Target one day, and looked down and saw a wallet.  As I was turning it in to an employee at the front of the store, I opened it and discovered it belonged to Rachel L., a young mother who was in our  ward at the time.

I called her and left a message.  Later  she called me back.  She said that after they had looked for the wallet and couldn't find it, they had left the store and said a prayer.  Her little boy had prayed that someone honest would find his mommy's wallet.   You don’t know how thankful I was that God allowed me to be the answer to her little boy’s prayer.

Tara's Birthday

Happy birthday to our beautiful daughter!

Two stories about Tara:

1)  I didn't send Tara to preschool when she was three, but midway through the school year when she was four, a kid moved away so there was an opening and I enrolled her.

All the other kids had been in Phyllis B.'s preschool for at least 4 months when Tara showed up for her first day of school in January.  Tara immediately started bossing everyone around and showing them where to hang their coat and telling them where to sit on the little carpet squares.

Phyllis said it was hysterical to watch the other children as she mothered them all, they didn't know what to think of this bossy new student.

2)  Tara always loved to take care of babies and toddlers.  When she was still young herself (third or fourth grade) every Sunday after Primary she would go into the nursery and play with the kids.  There was a single mom with four little kids, and every Sunday Tara would help the little kids get their coats on and help their mom get them out to their car.

Why Emma Smith stayed behind, according to Bob Smith

http://www.ldsmag.com/index.php?option=com_zine&view=article&id=7384&ac=1
Meridian Magazine, Jan. 25, 2011


This is a fascinating letter written by Bob Smith, a direct descendant of Joseph and Emma Smith, and how he joined our church.

"Dear President Albright,

I was the 108th direct descendant of the Prophet Joseph Smith to be baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (the Mormons).   I was the 2nd direct descendant of Joseph to be endowed in the new Nauvoo Temple.  I think it is time to share my story with a larger audience.  

I was raised in the Reorganized LDS church, now known as the Community of Christ.  All of my life I had been taught to distrust and fear the Mormon church which is headquartered in Utah. ....." 

One of the biggest gripes the descendants have with the LDS church is that they are offended that Brigham Young left Emma behind to fend for herself.  Bob Smith received a very interesting answer to this.  Read the article!

Starting my new goal of Family History

Wayne and I took the 10 minute tutorial on new Family Search on Wednesday night, and then on Thursday I took the second tutorial, and learned how to combine records.  I discovered my grandma Vinnie Gardner had the wrong parents!

We had an appointment with Andy F. from our ward on Thursday night to come over and help us with new Family Search.  He also couldn't quite figure out how to fix my Grandma's parents.

This is one of my big goals for the year (do Family History and take some names to the temple).  I was the most anxious to do work for my great-great-grandmother Josie Box (who got captured by the Indians) and her family, but when I looked her up, most of her family and her ancestors have already had their temple work done.

So my 2nd goal is to do the work for those Shupes and Shoops that I found on my miraculous Wytheville, VA trip.  That will be the next group of people I look at.

De-pegging the Currency

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuXUIxrDZ8E

Good explanation of the expanding money supply, and what will happen as China de-pegs its currency from the U.S. dollar.

Peter Schiff says:

"China now realizes that inflation is creating... a mood in the country that is not conducive to what they are trying to achieve. They have been afraid of rocking the boat,

And now they realize that the cost of propping up the U.S. dollar and the U.S. economy is greater than the cost of allowing it to collapse, so I think they are going to be moving quicker....

....As the Chinese currency increases in strength, the dollar must decrease, and so Americans experience higher prices, falling purchasing poser, and a lower standard of living, and that is what's coming, unfortunately."

Becoming more like Utah

When we first moved to Cary in Jan. 1988, the closest LDS neighbors were the Cramers (about 2 miles south) and the Cunninghams and Ishiharas (about 2 miles east).  We drove past the Cramers on the way to church, which was 5 1/2 miles away.

Later, the Christensens moved into the other side of Silverton, then the Volpes moved into our side of Silverton, and the Plautz's came.  Later the Ottehennings, Brostroms, Traills, and Souths moved near us.  At least we had some people near enough to carpool to early-morning seminary and to cub scouts and Young Men.

We moved to Morrisville in 2006.  Then we had to drive 9 1/2 miles to the stake center for Sunday church, and I think about 11 miles for weekday activities at the Cary building, for 4 years.

Our Morrisville ward building was completed in February 2010, only 1/2 mile from our house.  Oh Happy Day!  I could walk to church in 12 minutes if I wanted to.  (I haven't yet.)

In the past six months, 2 LDS families have moved in on our street, so close that I can see their houses and know if their cars are in the driveway or not.  This has never been the case since we left Utah.  I feel very blessed.

The pure little heart of a child

I babysat Elizabeth (4) and Thomas (2) today.  They were as good as gold because I brought some activities for us to do together.  We painted in some coloring books, and then we stuck stickers all over some posterboards.  Then I fed them string cheese and applesauce for lunch (notice I didn't cook anything.)

Elizabeth was telling me about a trip she had taken to the beach with her mom, and her mom's mom, and her mom's grandmother.  (It is so cute, Elizabeth calls her great-grandmother "Super Granny".  That sounds way cooler than "Great-Grandma".)

After telling me about the trip, Elizabeth looked at me with the hugest smile, and said, "And you REALLY REALLY MISSED ME, didn't you?"

That just melted me.

Common sense from a U.S. Representative

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEArFmRDtrw&feature=player_embedded

Representative Mike Kelly's statement during the Education and Workforce Committee, from June 2011.

I wish I could vote for a guy like this.

5 min.

A Miracle in Sierra Leone through obeying the prophet

A miracle came through obedience

By Peter Evans

Published: Saturday, Jan. 1, 2011

http://www.ldschurchnews.com/articles/60311/A-miracle-came-through-obedience.html

Here is another article which bolsters my faith in following the prophet of God.  I know that following the prophet will keep me safe.

This article, in the Church News, told about the early days of the church in Sierra Leone in 1988-1990.  In 1990, the members felt a sense of pride that they could meet in rented buildings instead of in homes.

"Five months later, in January 1991, mission president, Miles Cunningham, received a letter from Church President, Ezra Taft Benson, in which he asked the Saints in Bo to abandon their meetinghouses and to gather again in their homes to worship. The young leaders were very discouraged, feeling that the buildings were such an important milestone for the Church in this part of Sierra Leone.

Uniformly, members were disappointed and unhappy about the request. Some members of the infant congregations were offended that the prophet in Utah would give such unwelcome advice. Others were heard to question whether or not the prophet understood their circumstances, and, lacking faith in the Lord's servants, they left the Church. Others felt the stirring of testimony and confirmation of the Spirit, and while they didn't understand why President Benson would ask such a thing, they knew him to be a prophet. They had also come to trust their mission president who they loved. 

President Touray spoke recently of those days with grateful appreciation. He was sad and discouraged, but "recognized that we had been given a formal commandment, and I had to obey. I realized it would be very important for us to obey although I did not know why at the time." The chapel doors were closed.

In March 1991, civil war erupted in Sierra Leone and this little nation became engulfed in a fiery battle that lasted more than a decade. Communities collapsed, infrastructures deteriorated, banks were shuttered, food was in scarce supply and repeated military coups left uncertainty as to who was a friend or foe. Churches were frequently targeted by the rebels with bullets and firebombs, and thousands of people lost their lives while sitting on pews hoping to pray and worship.

But the members of the Lord's Church were safe from this harm for they were home worshiping in obedience to a prophet's counsel.

President Touray spoke of the miracle that had come to the people because of their obedience. "No member of the Church died in Bo during the war — not one. The LDS Church was the only church that continued operating during the war in Bo — the only one. Every other church closed its doors. It was too dangerous for the people to walk to church and too dangerous to sit and worship. None of us (the Latter-day Saints) had any problem during the war. We worshipped through the whole war no matter how grave the situation was. Because we were obedient, our members received this great blessing."

— Peter Evans, former president of the Minnesota Minneapolis Mission, serves as Salt Lake Valley View Stake Young Men President. He directs the communications initiatives of the Church Welfare Services Department.

Its been six days

I gave you a break for 6 days, so I thought it was time to give you some new dire news about the economy:

http://www.americanthinker.com/2011/01/the_great_depression_ii.html

The American Thinker, Jan. 23, 2011

"The Great Depression II"

You can read the whole article to see why Kirk W. Kelsen thinks we are already in or heading for a second Great Depression.  Here is his final paragraph:

"Perhaps respected investor Harry Shultz's comment in his final newsletter this month states it best: 

"Roughly speaking, the mess we are in is the worst since the 17th century financial collapse.  Comparisons with the 1930's are ludicrous.  We've gone far beyond that."

Far beyond, indeed.  The future does not look bright."

(Five minutes after posting, I added the following)

Sorry to repost this and mess up your Google Readers, but after I posted it I clicked on that link inside that quote (the word "comment") and discovered a whole nother article that was just as dire.  So just for FUN you can read it too!

PETER BRIMELOW

Jan. 10, 2011, 9:39 a.m. EST

Harry Schultz’s last testament

Commentary: Letter gives final investment allocation recommendation

Here is another link for it:

http://www.marketwatch.com/story/harry-schultz-last-investment-testament-2011-01-10

Warning in advance of 2010 Chilean Earthquake

(Note:  I am having trouble with my blog.  When I try to put paragraphs into a "quote", which makes them into a narrower column, it kills my computer.  So I won't be putting any of these quotations into quotation blocks.  If anyone knows why this is happening, please tell me.  I have a Mac.)

http://www.ldsmag.com/lds-church-updates/article/2615?&ac=1

I just read an article from Meridian Magazine, which was published shortly after the Chilean earthquake of January 12, 2010.

The article was written by Sister Lisa Laycock, the wife of the mission president of Chile.

"When we were set apart for this calling, Elder Scott of the Council of the Twelve Apostles taught us many important lessons. He spoke from personal experience when he was a mission president in Argentina. One message that he shared with us is this: "At times, during your mission, you will be awakened in the middle of the night or the early morning hours with thoughts of specific things you should do for certain missionaries. Do not ignore these thoughts. They are promptings from the Holy Ghost who will communicate with you in the stillness of the night or the peace of the early morning hours. He will speak to you then because that is when you are still enough to hear."


She goes on to tell about the warning that she and her husband received:



"Nearly two-and-one-half weeks ago, I was awakened at around 4:00 AM by just such a prompting. I did not hear a voice, but the thought was as clear as if it had been in the form of spoken words: "There is going to be an earthquake. Prepare your missionaries." I sat up in bed and immediately remembered Elder Scott's counsel. That morning I told Larry what had happened. He immediately set to work organizing our missionaries to prepare for an earthquake."

"In talking with our office missionaries to arrange for them to put together a list of everything we would need to prepare...in both Spanish and English...we discovered that the Lord had also let two of our office missionaries know of the possibility of an earthquake (in the form of dreams) and the need to prepare our mission....."

"We set a goal and arranged our schedule so that we could visit every apartment in the mission to check for safety and to review with our missionaries what to do in case of an earth quake. What a wonderful experience we have had as we have met with them and shared scriptures with them about being spiritually and physically prepared. "...if ye are prepared, ye shall not fear" (D&C 38:30)."

You can read the rest of the article and see how blessed they all were for preparing.

I loved reading of this experience.  I know that the Lord reveals things to people to prepare them for danger.  I have a testimony of this.  I know that many people are receiving dreams and visions in the Church today, to prepare them for the future.

This is in accordance with Pres. Hinckley's talk "Living in the Fullness of Times", Ensign Nov. 2001, and Henry B. Eyring's talk "Raising Expectations", CES Satellite Training Broadcast, August 4, 2004,  and Richard G. Scott's devotional address at BYU, Aug. 21, 2007, in which all three of them talked about the Lord sending visions and dreams, and at least two of them especially quoted Joel 2:27-32 about "your sons and daughters shall prophesy,  and your old men shall dream dreams."

Pres. Eyring ("Raising Expectations") said about Joel 2:27-32. "This is not poetry, nor is it allegory;  it is a description of reality as it will be.  Some of it will happen so gradually that you may not notice it.  Some has already begun across the church..."

I believe him.

Carpenter Farm Supply Co.

Yesterday I was driving home from visiting teaching, and, on a whim, went inside this old country store which is only a mile from my house.  It is an oddity in our area, a leftover building from when this was all tobacco farms.  Now this store is surrounded by medium-to-very-expensive houses.

I have seen this store almost daily for the 4 1/2 years we have lived in our current house, I have to pass it almost every time I go anywhere.  But I had never gone inside until today.

It was old and run down and the merchandise was piled all over the place, just like you would picture in an old west movie.

I spoke to the proprietor, Mr. Carpenter.  He said it has been in the family for four generations.  He said the tall part of the building was built in 1916.  I am assuming the short part was built in 1885, since the sign says "Carpenter Farm Supply Co. Since 1885".

There was a big woodburning stove in the middle of the room, with some farmer-type individuals sitting around it.  Again, just what I pictured would be inside an old general store.

I am interested in getting a woodburning stove, so I asked a few questions about that, but I should have asked the men in overalls a few questions, like "why do you hang out here?" and "did you used to hang out here when you were a kid?"

The crossroads where the store is located is named Carpenter, of course, named after the owner's family.  Carpenter-Upchurch Road runs right in front of it (the road goes between the little old communities of Carpenter and Upchurch), and a short distance away is Carpenter Fire Station Road, and farther away is Jenks-Carpenter Road (also named for going between the two little old communities of Jenks and Carpenter).  It is fun knowing the old history of our area.

While I was there I wandered around and made a mental list of their merchandise (nails, a Flexible Flyer sled, cool shovels and workgloves and lots of farming implements like tractor seats and plow parts).
I think you could find anything you might need to live on a farm and grow your own chickens and vegetables.

 I am going to go there the next time I need something, instead of going to Ace Hardware.  I want to give Mr. Carpenter some business, since there is a dwindling farmer population around here.

 I bought some Sorghum molasses, which I haven't eaten since my Grandma used to make it herself. And some mousetraps.  You never know when you might need them.